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The biological diversity in this little island, Sri Lanka has an unbelievable proportion of endemism for both flora and fauna; to be more specific 23% of flora and 16% of fauna are endemic to the country.
There are close to sixty National Parks and Reserves situated all over Sri Lanka, some of them UNESCO World Heritage Sites because of their high biodiversity, each one unique and exclusive for specific species of fauna and flora. Still more the Sinharaja Rain Forest, a Main and Biosphere Forest Reserve believed to be one of the finest tropical ecosystems in the whole of Asia is teeming with endemism; close to 140 endemic trees, 20 endemic species of birds, with over 50 percentage endemism amongst butterflies, fish, amphibians, and reptiles; it’s a treasure trove that’s waiting to be discovered. Click to read more about National Parks of Sri Lanka.
Adding value to the this incredible wildlife destination are the Big Four; The Sri Lankan Elephant listed by IUCN as endangered can be seen in large herds sometimes as large as 400 at the Annual spectacle called the “Gathering”, Leopard listed as endangered by IUCN makes claim to the world’s largest leopard densities in the world, the incredible Sloth Bear listed as highly endangered by IUCN and the largest animal on earth the Blue Whale. Click to read more about Bif 4 of Sri Lanka.
Don’t forget the primates; the Red Slender Loris, the Toque macaque and the Purple faced langur, all identified as endangered by IUCN, surviving in their natural habitats. Click to read more about Primates of Sri Lanka.
This little island is a birders paradise too! It is home to 439 species of birds of which 33 are endemic with 68 endemic sub species, 236 are breeding residents, 203 are migrants and the rest vagrants along with hundreds of birding sites that makes it easy to observe these feathered beauties in their natural habitats, no matter in which part of the country you are. Click to read more about Birds of Sri Lanka